Home Skills Carpentry Cabinetry
Updated: May 24, 2023
You are watching: How to Refinish Kitchen Cabinets
You’ll be amazed at how simple it is to update your kitchen without tearing out your old cabinets and completely remodeling. By repainting the cabinets and installing new doors, you can achieve a whole new look at a fraction of the cost of new cabinets. To achieve our dramatic new look, we took off the old doors and painted the cabinet frames with a black, satin-finish oil paint. Then we hung slightly larger cherry panel doors with concealed “Euro-style” hinges. This reduced the space between the doors and eliminated hinge clutter for a more contemporary look.
Our kitchen design combines classic and contemporary elements for a fresh, eclectic look that blends well with many home styles, but these techniques work great to create any style you like. For a more traditional look, consider ordering raised-panel doors, or order flush doors for a sleek, modern look. We’ll show you how to apply a smooth and durable painted finish to your cabinets, and then walk you through the process of ordering and installing the right-sized cabinet doors and hinges.
This refinish kitchen cabinets project isn’t as involved, or as messy, as a complete kitchen remodel, but it’s still a major undertaking. Be prepared to devote three or four weekends, a lot of elbow grease and maximum brainpower. There’s not much carpentry work involved, but you’ll have to plan carefully and measure accurately to get the cabinet doors right. The painting is mainly a matter of perseverance. You’ll spend a lot of time cleaning, sanding and spackling before you can even think about putting on paint for the kitchen cabinet refinishing project.
In addition to the painting tools listed below, you’ll need basic hand tools plus a drill, a handsaw, a hot-melt glue gun, and a vacuum cleaner with a hose and upholstery brush attachment.
For this refinishing cabinets project we purchased 16 cabinet doors and eight drawer fronts along with new hinges. We found a wide selection of decorative glass at a local stained glass supply store and chose a “crossreeded” pattern. The total cost of the cabinet renewal, not including the bin pulls and knobs, was less than half the cost of standard new cabinets. For another approach to renewing old cabinets, learn about cabinet refacing.
If you’re happy with the look of your old cabinets and just want to change the door style, simply measure the old doors and order new ones the same size. Have 35mm holes drilled in the back of the doors if you want to use concealed hinges like the ones we’re using.
To achieve the more contemporary look we show here, you’ll have to order larger doors to cover more of the cabinet front (face frame). It’s not as simple as just ordering larger doors, though. Since the doors will overlap the frame farther than a conventional hinge allows, you’ll also have to order a special concealed “cup” hinge that fits into a 35mm hole in the back of the door (Photos 13 and 14). The hinge is attached to the face frame of the cabinet with a separate piece called a mounting plate. Mounting plates are available in different sizes (1/4, 1/2, 5/8, 3/4, 1, 1-1/8, 1-1/4 and 1-3/8, and 1-3/8 to infinity) depending on how far you want the door to overlap the face frame. Photo 4 shows how to measure each door opening for the correct-sized mounting plate.
We used Blum Compact 33 hinges (available at woodworking stores or online), but other brands are available.
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The easy way to size and measure for the new doors is to lay out the door and drawer spacing on the old cabinet face frame (Photo 2). Use 1/2-in. masking tape to represent the space between doors and drawers. Measure carefully when you install the tape because you’ll use it to determine door and drawer sizes (Photo 3). The masking tape allows you to visualize the spacing and work out details before you order the doors.
Determining the spacing between doors is basically a design decision, but there are a few things to consider. The hinges we used allow the doors to be hung as little as 3/8 in. apart, but spacing doors this close requires accuracy that’s hard to achieve on older cabinets. The closer the doors are to each other, the more visible any deviation in the spacing becomes. We chose 1/2-in. spacing because it allowed us a little “cheating” room and still achieved the contemporary look we were after.
This is a great time to make changes to your cabinets, since you’ll be painting the frames and can easily fill seams and nail holes. We reduced the size of the wall cabinet doors to the left of the stove and added a narrow open shelf for cookbooks (Photo 8). We also eliminated the cutting boards so we could make the drawer fronts taller, and added 3/4-in. strips to the cabinet above the stove to improve door alignment.
When you’re happy with the spacing and have double-checked the inside corners to be sure drawers won’t collide after you’ve added the new pulls, you’re ready to measure for and order the doors and drawer fronts (Photo 3). Order doors from a company that specializes in building cabinet doors, or find a local cabinetmaker to build them. Search online for “kitchen cabinet doors.” Visit local cabinet showrooms and look at cabinet door literature to choose a door style you like.
Let the cabinet door maker know which brand of 35mm hinge you intend to use and ask him or her to bore the holes for you. This service is well worth the small extra charge. Otherwise you’ll have to buy an expensive 35mm bit and use a drill press or jig to bore the holes. Order special doors to accept glass panels.
Door prices will vary, depending on wood type and door style, with cherry and less common hardwoods as much as twice the cost of oak.
Once the doors are ordered, you can get to the business of painting. Follow the steps in Photos 5 – 11 for a smooth, durable finish. We used oil paint (alkyd) on the cabinets, but top quality (i.e.: the most expensive) acrylic paint or water-based oil finishes do just as well if applied properly.
If you use oil paint and the paint seems thick or sluggish, thin it with up to 6 ozs. of Penetrol paint conditioner per quart until it flows on smoothly. Two or three thin coats of paint result in a stronger, smoother finish than one thick coat.
Whenever you use products with organic solvents, like shellac or alkyd paint, provide plenty of ventilation and wear a NIOSH-approved organic vapor respirator.
The first requirement for a durable paint job is that every coat of paint bond well to the previous layer. Make sure the original cabinet finish is bonded tightly to the wood by making a small “X” with a knife and sticking a piece of Scotch tape over the “X.” Now rip the tape off and see if it pulls any finish with it. If it does, you should strip off the original finish before painting. Clean and sand the cabinets as shown in Photo 5 to ensure a good bond to the original finish. We chose shellac as a primer for its ability to cling tenaciously to most finishes. If you use products other than what we’re recommending, follow the manufacturer’s recommendations and make sure they’re compatible with each other.
For a flawless paint job, you must start with a perfectly smooth surface, and maintain a dust-free environment while you’re painting. Follow the filling, sanding and vacuuming procedures shown in Photos 6 – 8. Fill large holes and chipped edges with a two-part hardening-type filler like Minwax High-Performance Wood Filler, 12-Ounce Can #21600, available through our affiliation with Amazon.com. It’s more durable, hardens quickly and won’t shrink like spackling. Sand carefully, using a bright light to check your work.
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Paint the insides of cabinets first, then start at the top of the face frame and work down. Lay paint on quickly, then smooth it out with long, light brush strokes. Always work from dry areas into painted areas. Work quickly and complete an area before moving on so you’re never brushing over partially dried paint. If paint sneaks onto an area you can’t get to soon (around a corner, for example), use a rag dampened with mineral spirits to wipe the paint off. If a run or sag develops, or a hair or speck gets in the paint, let the paint dry and sand it out before recoating.
By now you’ll be pretty good with a paint brush, and just in time, because the new doors will need to be sealed (Photo 12). You may be able to avoid this task by ordering prefinished doors. We finished our doors with one coat of prestain conditioner, one coat of oil stain, and two coats of polyurethane varnish. The prestain conditioner helps prevent uneven stain penetration on blotchy woods like cherry, pine and birch. Lightly sand and vacuum between varnish coats for maximum smoothness.
Photos 13 and 14 show how to install the hinges and hang the doors. This is the moment of truth when you’ll find out if the doors you ordered really fit as planned. Single doors usually don’t present a problem, but pairs that join in the center are tricky. Don’t panic if they’re too tight or have too large a gap between them. If the hinges don’t adjust far enough to correct the problem, change the mounting plates. For example, if the doors are too tight with 3/4-in. overlay plates, change the plates on one door to 1-in. overlay.
Tip: Order a few extra pairs of mounting plates with the next larger and smaller overlay to allow maximum flexibility when you’re hanging the doors.
In a pinch, you can also increase the space by chiseling a notch in the edge of the face frame for the mounting plate to drop into, or put a small shim under a mounting plate to reduce the space.
Adjust the doors up and down by moving the mounting plate, and sideways by loosening the adjusting screw on the hinge. The adjusting screws look like Phillips head screws but are actually designed to be used with a special Pozi screwdriver. Pozi screwdrivers are available where hinges are sold. Install and adjust the doors before installing the drawer fronts. When all the doors and drawers fronts are on and adjusted, go back and add the second screw to the hinge mounting plate and tighten all the adjusting screws.
Now all that’s left to do is install the drawer pulls and door handles (Photo 17). Once things start looking this good, it’s hard to resist making a few more changes. We filled the large space above the upper cabinet doors with cherry boards, and added galvanized sheet metal to the backsplash area. The new countertops are prefabricated plastic laminate (available through lumberyards, home centers or online).
Have the necessary tools for this refinish kitchen cabinets DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll save time and frustration.
You’ll also need rubber gloves, an organic vapor respirator, a 3 1/2-in. flexible putty knife and a Pozi screwdriver.
Avoid last-minute shopping trips by having all your materials ready ahead of time. Here’s a list.
For a complete list of painting supplies, see Additional Information.
Source: https://gardencourte.com
Categories: Kitchens
This post was last modified on 14/10/2023 13:13
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