Growing Vegetables: When to Plant Your Vegetable Garden [fact sheet]

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The information below, and in a printable table, will help you to determine the best time to start your seeds.

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You must first, determine the last frost date for your area. Do not seed or transplant frost-sensitive plants before this date. For central NH, Memorial Day is a conservative estimate for the last frost date.

Using a calendar, mark the date and count backwards the number of weeks the seed takes to grow from sowing. This will be the date you will start your seeds.

Example: Tomatoes take 6-8 weeks from sowing until transplant. If you want to plant in the garden on Memorial Day then count back 8 weeks and start seeds the first week of April.

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T – Crops marked with a (T) should be started from seed indoors and set out as transplants.

S – Crops marked with an (S) have a relatively short harvest season, which can be prolonged by doing multiple smaller “sequence” plantings.

Crops and Planting Information

Basil (T,S)

• Time from seed to transplant: 6-8 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 2 weeks after last frost

Bean (S)

• Plant seed in garden after last frost

Beet

• Plant seed in garden when soil warms to 45°F

Broccoli (S)

• Time from seed to transplant: 4-6 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 2-4 weeks before last frost

Brussels Sprout (T)

• Time from seed to transplant: 4-6 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 2-4 weeks before last frost

Cabbage (T)

• Time from seed to transplant: 4-6 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 4 weeks before last frost

Carrot

• Plant seed in garden when soil warms to 60°F

Cauliflower (T)

• Time from seed to transplant: 4-6 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 2 weeks before last frost

Celery (T)

• Time from seed to transplant: 10-12 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: After last frost

Corn (S)

• Plant seed in garden when soil warms to 60°F

Cucumber

• Time from seed to transplant: 3-4 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 1-2 weeks after last frost
• Plant seed in garden when soil warms to 70°F

Eggplant (T)

• Time from seed to transplant: 8-10 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 2-3 weeks after last frost

Kale

• Time from seed to transplant: 4-6 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 4 weeks before last frost

Kohlrabi

• Time from seed to transplant: 4-6 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 4 weeks before last frost

Leek (T)

• Time from seed to transplant: 8-10 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 4 weeks before last frost

Lettuce (S)

• Time from seed to transplant: 4-5 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 3-4 weeks before last frost

Melon (T)

• Time from seed to transplant: 3-4 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 2 weeks after last frost

Onion (T)

• Time from seed to transplant: 8-10 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 4 weeks before last frost

Parsley (T)

• Time from seed to transplant: 9-10 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 2-3 weeks before last frost

Parsnip

• Plant seed in garden after last frost

Pea

• Plant seed in garden as soon as soil thaws

Pepper (T)

• Time from seed to transplant: 8-10 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 2 weeks after last frost

Potato

• Plant seed potatoes in garden 1-2 weeks before last frost

Pumpkin

• Time from seed to transplant: 3-4 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 2 weeks after last frost
• Plant seed in garden when soil warms to 70°F

Radish

• Plant seed in garden 2-4 weeks before last frost

Rutabaga

• Plant seed in garden from mid-June to mid-July

Spinach

• Time from seed to transplant: 4-6 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 3-6 weeks before last frost

Summer Squash

• Time from seed to transplant: 3-4 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 2 weeks after last frost
• Plant seeds in garden when soil warms to 70°F

Sweetpotato

• Plant slips (i.e. plants) in garden 1-2 weeks after last frost

Swiss Chard

• Time from seed to transplant: 4-6 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden 2 weeks before last frost
• Plant seed in garden 4 weeks before last frost

Tomato (T)

• Time from seed to transplant: 6-8 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 1-2 weeks after last frost

Turnip

• Plant seed in garden 2-4 weeks before last frost

Winter Squash

• Time from seed to transplant: 3-4 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 2 weeks after last frost
• Plant seed in garden when soil warms to 70°F

Zucchini

• Time from seed to transplant: 3-4 weeks
• Safe to set out in garden: 2 weeks after last frost
• Plant seed in garden when soil warms to 70°F

Special thanks Master Gardener Karen Downing for co-authoring the original fact sheet.

Source: https://gardencourte.com
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