Cattle feed formulation is of course very important for cattle farms and cattle feed plant factories. Recently, some customers have also consulted us about these questions: “how to make cattle feed for winter”, “cattle feed making pellets formula”, “how to make cattle feed pellet formula”. Today, Richi Machinery provides information for different stages of cattle production. Everyone recommends some better formulas.
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You are watching: How to make cattle feed formula？Beef cattle feed formula at various stages
1. Beef cattle concentrated feed formula
The general method for the proportioning of concentrated feed for cattle farms: mineral feed contains bone meal, salt, baking soda, trace (major) elements, and vitamin boosters, which generally account for 3% to 5% of the amount of concentrated feed. The increased amount of bone meal for bred cattle accounts for about 2% of the amount of concentrated feed, and shelf cattle account for 0.5% to 1%. The increase in dietary salt in winter, spring and autumn accounts for 0.5% to 0.8% of the concentrated feed, and the increase in summer accounts for 1% to 1.2% of the concentrated feed. When using distillers’ grains as the primary coarse feed, baking soda should be added, which accounts for 1% of the concentrated feed. When feeding other coarse feeds to cattle, the amount of concentrated feed can be increased by 0.3% to 0.5% in summer. Trace (major) elements and vitamin boosters generally cannot be manufactured by themselves.
In the process of preparing beef cattle concentrated feed, in order to ensure the uniformity of mixing, it is necessary to pay attention to the addition of micro-components separately. Various micro-elements and vitamins should be pre-mixed separately before they can be used to prepare beef pre-mix.
2. Cattle premix feed formula
Cattle premix is the core ingredient in formulating cattle feed, which plays a role in preventing diseases, promoting fast fattening of cattle, and improving feed returns.
So how to formulate cattle premix feed to achieve rapid fattening effect? During the fast-growing period, beef cattle have higher than normal requirements for various nutrients. In the preparation of beef cattle concentrate based on corn and soybean meal, the reasonable addition of various trace elements, vitamins and amino acids is conducive to promoting the digestion of the beef cattle to the feed, promoting the synthesis of protein, and making the beef cattle fatten up quickly.
The main trace elements supplemented by corn soybean meal type beef concentrate are copper, iron, zinc, manganese, and cobalt. To prepare one ton of beef concentrate, add 40 grams of copper sulfate pentahydrate, 160 grams of ferrous sulfate monohydrate, and zinc sulfate monohydrate. 90 grams, 100 grams of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 0.6 grams of cobalt chloride, 0.7 grams of calcium iodate, can meet the needs of various trace elements for fast fattening of beef cattle. The B vitamins synthesized by beef cattle can generally meet their needs. Therefore, the vitamins that need to be added in beef cattle feed are mainly fat-soluble vitamins. The supplement of calcium and phosphorus in cattle feed is mainly added in the form of calcium hydrogen phosphate, and 10 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate is added to prepare one ton of beef concentrate. The combined use of baking soda and magnesium oxide is a good buffering agent, which can keep the pH of the cow’s rumen in balance, improve feed utilization, and effectively prevent poisoning. The addition ratios in the cow feed are 1% and 0.5% respectively.
3. Recommended formula for cattle fattening feed
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The fattening feed formulations for intensive captive beef cattle include concentrated feed formulations and coarse feed formulations, as well as the ratio of raw materials and feed additives specified according to body weight and production goals. The following are fattening feed formulations for fattening cattle of different weights:
(1) Beef cattle fattening feed formula for 300kg fattening cattle
①Concentrated feed formula: corn: 60-67%, soybean meal and cotton meal: 20-28%, bran: 5-17%, baking soda 1%, high-quality beef cattle premix 5%, high-quality beef cattle fattening additives 0.02% , Stomach additives 0.2%.
②Coarse fodder formula: feed 14 kg of silage corn stalk a day, 5 kg a day of distiller’s grains, 5 kg a day of tofu residue or 10 kg of distiller’s grains, 14 kg of wheat straw or 10 kg of tofu residue, 14 kg of silage corn stalk.
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③Farmers can adjust the feed ration formula according to their own conditions, and determine the feeding amount according to the condition of the beef cattle.
(2) Beef cattle fattening feed formula for 400kg fattening cattle
①Concentrated feed formula: corn 60-67%, soybean meal and cotton meal 20-30%, bran 5-17%, baking soda 1%, high-quality beef cattle premix 5%, high-quality beef cattle fattening additives 0.02%, invigorating stomach Class additives 0.2%.
②Coarse fodder formula: daily feed of 17 kg of silage corn stalks, 10 kg of distiller’s grains a day, 5 kg of tofu residue or 18 kg of tofu residue, 14 kg of wheat straw or 12 kg of tofu residue, 20 kg of silage corn stalks
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③Farmers can adjust the feed ration formula according to their own conditions, and determine the feeding amount according to the condition of the beef cattle.
(3) Beef cattle fattening feed formula for 500kg fattening cattle
①Concentrated feed formula: corn: 60-65%, soybean meal and cotton meal: 27-35%, baking soda 1%, high-quality beef cattle premix 5%, high-quality beef cattle fattening additives 0.02%, gastric additives 0.2% .
②Coarse fodder formula: feed 20 kg of silage corn stalk a day, 15 kg a day of distiller’s grains, 5 kg a day of tofu residue or 20 kg of distiller’s grains, 20 kg of wheat straw or 12 kg of tofu residue, 30 kg of silage corn stalks
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③Farmers can adjust the feed ration formula according to their own conditions, and determine the feeding amount according to the condition of the beef cattle.
4. Feeding amount of cattle feed
According to the age of the cattle, fattening methods can be divided into:
Young cattle fattening: the fattening time is 6 to 8 months.
Shelf cattle fattening: the fattening time is 4 to 5 months.
Raising can be roughly divided into three stages:
(1) 7 to 15 days, the recovery period is mainly for training cattle. Solve the problems of fatigue and environmental inadaptability of newly purchased cattle due to long-distance transportation and stress. Do not feed concentrate at the beginning. First feed high-quality grass, dry grass, wheat straw, peanut seedlings, etc., drink clear water, and gradually mix it with silage or ammoniated feed, distiller’s grains, etc. Let the cows be hungry for 1 to 2 days before feeding them with concentrate.
(2) 15-20 days is the transition period. The cattle have basically adapted to the new breeding environment, and the amount of concentrate can be increased at this time. Generally 0.8% of the body weight is fed to the concentrate, and the 200 kg body weight is 1.6 kg of the concentrate for cattle. The coarse fodder is not limited. Feed for several days. Gradually increase the proportion of the concentrate after adaptation. At the end of the transition period, the concentrate can be used. 40% to 50% of the ration.
(3) 110 to 120 days, the fast fattening period. During the period, the proportion of concentrated feed in the diet is: 55%-60% for 1-20 days, 65%-70% for 21-50 days, 75% for 51-90 days, and 80%-85% for 90-120 days.
5. Feeding method of beef cattle
Feeding is generally taken twice a day, at 7 am and 15 pm in winter and spring, 6:30 am and 15 pm in summer and autumn. The daily feeding time is generally 30-40 minutes, and water is fed at noon in summer. Times. The ruminating time is not less than 8 hours. Within 2 to 3 days after the ration is changed, the breeder should observe the cattle’s feeding situation and the number of ruminations, and deal with it in time if any abnormal situation is found. At the same time, concentrate should be added according to the feeding stage. The processing method of the forage is: soak the concentrate with clean water before feeding, so that it can be held in hands and scattered on the ground. First spread the silage corn stalks evenly on the concrete floor about 15 cm thick, then sprinkle the soaked concentrate on the surface, and then sprinkle 5 cm thick vinasse on the surface, and finally cover it with a plastic sheet for fermentation, usually 3 hours in summer , After 12 hours in winter, you can mix well and feed. Such fodder is soft and smells like wine, and cattle like to eat it without any residue, and then drink water.
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